Allotropy and allotropes of carbon

 Allotropes of Carbon

Allotropy: The phenomenon in which the element exists in two or more different physical states with similar chemical properties are called Allotropy.

Carbon has Three Main Allotropes

  • Diamond: In this, carbon, an atom is bonded to four other atoms of carbon forming three-dimensional structures. It is the hardest substance and an insulator. It is used for drilling rocks and cutting. It is also used for making jewellery.




  • Graphite: In this, each carbon atom is bonded to three other carbon atoms. It is a good conductor of electricity and used as a lubricant.



  • Buckminster Fullerene: It is an allotrope of the carbon-containing cluster of 60 carbon atoms joined together to form spherical molecules. It is dark solid at room temperature.


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Tips to learn Science properly

Image
Tips to learn science properly  Read for understanding   we are providing you notes in easy wording. Read these notes, so that you can understand the concept properly. Write notes by hand not copy text Most of the time, students copy the notes. But when you write your notes by hand you will learn more. It  enhance your concentration. Recite key points   avoid memorizing everything, convert your answers in main key points and recite them. With this you will gain confidence and you will learn more quickly. Test yourself  In our notes, we write the questions in bold letters. After copying the questions, write the answers and then check it . Read and try to understand those concepts again which are wrong . Practice again Make a schedule and practice topic again tomorrow or after some days. This improve your memory. Sleep properly  Sleep properly and even take short nap if you need. This can improve your memory.  Learn in parts  we divide every chapter...
Read more

Lewis dot structure or Electron dot structures

Image
Electron Dot Structure:  Lewis structures are also known as Lewis dot structures or electron dot structures. These structures provide a picture of bonding in molecules in terms of the shared pairs of electrons and octet rule. In these structures elements symbol is in the centre and the dots around it shows the valence electrons. Formation of Hydrogen Molecule Atomic number of Hydrogen = 1 Number of valence electrons = 1 Formation of oxygen molecule Atomic number =8 Distribution of electrons  =[2,6] Valence electrons=6 Formation of Flourine molecule Atomic number =9 Distribution of electrons =[2,7] Valence electrons=7 Formation of oxygen molecule Atomic number =7 Distribution of electrons  =[2,5] Valence electrons=5 Formation of CH 4  Molecule Atomic number of Carbon = 6 Distribution of electrons= [2, 4] Number of valence electrons = 4 Atomic number of Hydrogen = 1 Number of valence electrons = 1 Formation of H2S Molecule Atomic number of Sulphur = 16  Distributi...
Read more

Covalent bonds and ionic bonds

Image
 Covalent bonds and ionic bonds The bond formed by mutual sharing of electron pairs between two atoms in a molecule is known as Covalent Bond. Types of Covalent Bond: Depending upon the number of shared electron pairs, the covalent bond can be classified into:  Single Covalent Bond  Double Covalent Bond  Triple Covalent Bond Single Covalent Bond: When a single pair of electrons are shared between two atoms in a molecule. For example; F 2 , Cl 2 , H 2  , methane etc. Double Covalent Bond: When two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms in a molecule. For example; O 2 , CO 2  etc. Triple Covalent Bond: When three pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms in a molecule. For example; N 2  etc. Ionic bonds The bond formed by transfer of electron  between two atoms in a molecule is known as ionic Bond. Two atoms will make an ionic bond if they have different electronegativity values.  Difference between covalent compounds and ionic c...
Read more